CHOLESTEROL is a sterol and lipid present in the cell membranes, and is transported in the bloodstream of all animals. Its concentrations in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density (LDL)/Very-Low-Density (VLDL) Lipoproteins are strong predictors for coronary heart disease. Simple, direct and automation-ready procedures for accurately measuring their concentrations are very desirable. Our cholesterol assay kit (E2CH-100) and LDL/HDL assay kit (E2HL-100) are designed to conveniently measure these analytes. The improved method involves a rapid precipitation step and adding a single Working Reagent to samples. The reaction can be quantitated colorimetrically at 570nm or fluorometrically at λem/ex = 585/530nm....more details: E2CH.pdf Ι E2HL.pdf 

Sensitive and accurate. Linear detection range in 96-well plate: 1 to 100 mg/dL cholesterol for colorimetric assays and 0.2 to 10 mg/dL for fluorimetric assays. Ideal for small samples (e.g. mouse). 

Universal for all species. Unlike ELISA, our assays can be used for all biological species. 

Convenient. Room temperature assay. No 37°C heater is needed. Can be readily automated for high throughput assays.

Direct Assays: Cholesterol, HDL and LDL/VLDL in a variety of samples. 

Drug Discovery/Pharmacology: evaluation of drugs on cholesterol metabolism.

1. Rub A, et al (2009). Nat Immunol. 10(3):273-80. Sample: mouse macrophage, membrane. Read more 

2. Tam J, et al (2010). J Clin Invest. 120(8):2953-66. Sample: mouse serum. Read more 

3. Lee, S.M. et al (2008). Lipids 43(5): 419-429. Sample: rat blood. Read more 

4. Oliver SR, et al (2010). Int J Pediatr Obes. 5(5):436-44. Sample: human plasma. Read more 

5. Uddin, M.J. et al (2011). BMC Genetics 2011, 12:62. Sample: pigs serum. Read more 

6. Rubinstein J, et al (2009). Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 7:56. Sample: rabbit serum. Read more 

7. Stoll, C., et al. (2011). Biochim Biophys Acta 1808(1):474-81. Sample: human red blood cells. Read more 

8. Shanmugasundaram, R et al (2010). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). Sample: quail blood. Read more 

Changes in intracellular ADP and ATP concentrations have been used to differentiate modes of cell death and viability. Increased levels of ATP and decreased levels of ADP signify proliferating cells. Conversely, decreased levels of ATP and increased levels of ADP represent apoptotic or necrotic cells where the decrease in ATP and increase in ADP is much more pronounced in necrosis versus apoptosis. BioAssay Systems’ ADP, ATP and ADP/ATP Ratio Assay Kits provide a rapid method to measure ADP/ATP levels as well as to screen for apoptosis, necrosis and proliferation in mammalian cells. The assay is based on our improved luciferin/luciferase reagent system. Upon adding the reagent, cells are lysed to release ATP and ADP and simultaneously ATP reacts with luciferin to produce light. ADP is measured in the same reaction after its conversion to ATP. This non-radioactive, homogeneous assay is performed in tubes or microplates, and is compatible with all culture media and with all liquid handling systems. 
....more details: ADP/ATP Ratio Assay  |  ADP Assay   |   ATP Assay

Sensitive and accurate. Detects 0.02 µM ADP or ATP in 96-well plate assay.

Universal for all species. Unlike ELISA, our assays can be used for all biological species.

  
Safe and rapid. Reagents are non-toxic. Assays can be completed within minutes and can be readily automated for high-throughput assays. 

Direct assays: ADP, ATP, ADP/ATP ratio in cells or tissue extracts. 

Drug discovery/pharmacology: HTS for drugs that modulate ADP/ATP levels. Effects of drugs on ADP/ATP metabolism.

1. Schafer ZT et al (2009). Nature 461(7260):109-11. Sample: human cells. Read more 
2. Chandak PG et al (2010). JBC 285(26):20192-201. Sample: mouse cells. Read more 
3. Aflaki E et al (2011). JBC 286(9):7418-28. Sample: mouse macrophage. Read more 
4. Schwarzer C et al (2008). Free Radic Biol Med. 45(12):1653-62. Sample: human cells. Read more 
5. Belleannée C et al (2010). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 298(4):C817-30. Sample: human epididymal cells. Read more 
6. Saito A (2010). Neurochem Res. 35(11):1667-74. Sample: rat mitochondria. Read more

Nitric Oxide (NO) is a reactive radical that plays an important role in many key physiological functions. NO, an oxidation product of arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is involved in host defense and development, activation of regulatory proteins and direct covalent interaction with functional biomolecules. Simple, direct and automation-ready procedures for measuring NO and NOS are highly desirable in research and drug discovery. BioAssay Systems' NO Assay Kit (cat#: D2NO-100) is designed to accurately measure NO production following reduction of nitrate to nitrite using Griess method. Our improved procedure is simple and fast. In the NOS assay (cat#: ENOS-100), NO generated by NOS is directly measured.... 
....more details: Nitric Oxide Assay   |   Nitric Oxide Synthase Assay 

Sensitive and accurate. Detects 0.6 µM NO or 0.25 U/L NOS in 96-well plate assay. 
 
Safe and fast. Assays can be completed within 40 minutes and can be automated for high-throughput assays. 

Direct assays: NO and NOS activity in biological samples.

Drug discovery/pharmacology: effects of drugs on NO metabolism or NOS activity.

1. Carrero Y et al (2009). Cancer 115:3680-8 Sample: human cervix, serum. Read more 

2. Zeng Q et al (2011). Hum Gene Ther 22:809-19. Sample: human tissue. Read more 

3. Bolander FF (2005). Mol Cell Endocrinol 245:105-10. Sample: mouse mammary cells. Read more 

4. Levy H et al (2010). Exp Neurol 226:148-58. Sample: mouse tissue. Read more 

5. Rahman MM et al (2009). J Cell Mol Med 13:1833-44. Sample: mouse bone marrow. Read more 

6. Ying WZ et al (2008). Hypertension 52(6):1134-41. Sample: rat urine. Read more